This dilapidated building is inconspicuous. However, in March 2010, when then-Vice President Xi Jinping visited Russia, he consulted and reached a consensus with the then Prime Minister of Russia Putin on his restoration project.
Why does it attract the attention of the leaders of both countries? And why does it make Xi Jinping so worried?
90 years ago, the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held here. This is the only national congress held abroad in the history of the Party, and it is also the most thrilling and tortuous Party congress.
Explore the past and present of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China
No. 18, Parkovaya Street, May Day Village, about 40 kilometers away from the center of Moscow, is an elegant three-story building. This seemingly ordinary building has left an indelible mark on the history of the Communist Party of China. KomiksIt is the address of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China).
The Sixth Congress is the only National Congress held overseas in the history of the Communist Party of China. On March 23, 2013, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee and President Xi Jinping attended the launching ceremony of the construction of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. What past and present lives have the old site and new museum located outside Moscow experienced, what revolutionary journey has it witnessed, and how much expectations for the future have it carried? 90 years ago, that special meeting
Mid June 1928 was the early summer in Moscow, where the longest daytime and the bright scenery were. As the Moscow Railway Station was coming and going, many mysterious people and cars suddenly appeared.
“At that time, the (Chinese Communist Party) deputies took a train to Moscow, and the windows in the carriages were covered by curtains. Some buses and cars that also pulled the curtains drove directly to the platform, picked them up, passed through Moscow, Babaylan, and headed to the suburbs. This was a special operation to ensure that Communists would not be arrested or killed…” Victor Usov, an expert at the Far East Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, described the scene at that time in this way. It was indeed a thrilling journey.
192In 7 years, after the failure of the Great Revolution in 1927, China was under the heavy cover of white terror. The brutal suppression of the Chinese Communists by the Kuomintang reactionaries and the mistakes of “left” blind activism within the Communist Party of China have put the Chinese revolution in a low tide. At this critical juncture, the Communist Party of China urgently needs to hold a national congress to systematically summarize the experiences and lessons of the Great Revolution and clarify the nature and tasks of the revolution in the new era.
However, at this time, the country does not have the security conditions for meetingsBabaylan. In the more than three months since the August 7th Conference was proposed to convene the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 1927, the meeting location has been brewing several times, but it is still difficult to guarantee security and cannot be decided.
The Communist International decided to hold several international conferences in Moscow at the turn of spring and summer in 1928, hoping that the Communist Party of China would send representatives to participate. After consideration by many parties, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China hopes to set the site of the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China within the Soviet Union and apply to the Communist International.
At this time, Mitkevic, the representative of “Red Workers International” to China, also proposed to the Communist International to convene the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China within the Soviet Union. The Communist International agreed to convene the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China in the Soviet Union and set the meeting in May Day Village outside Moscow.
Since the end of April 8, 192, Cinema, more than 100 representatives attending the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China went to Moscow in multiple batches at the risk of being arrested by the Kuomintang. To ensure safety, the CCP has taken a series of measures to no longer use its own name from the date of arrival at the venue and use numbers.
This is the only National Congress held abroad in the history of the Party, and it is also the only National Congress in the history of the National Congress of the Communist Party of China to name each other by code names.
Qu Qiubai was “No. 21” and Zhou Enlai was “No. 22”
From June 18 to July 11, 1928, the May Day village in the southwest suburbs of Moscow ushered in its most special time. Hundreds of Chinese people were walking, talking, singing, or arguing in this heavily guarded village. GrassOn the ground, woods, paths, as well as the living rooms, conference rooms and aisles in the building, Zhou Enlai, Su Zhaozheng, Xiang Ying, Cai Hesen… familiar faces and strange numbers flash alternately.
“Under the difficult background at that time, the Communist Party of China needed to clarify the line and policy of the future Chinese revolution at the Sixth National Congress.” said Kartunova, an expert in the history of the Communist Party of China in Russia. In the conference room on the second floor of the small building, Bukharin, the representative of the Communist International, delivered a report on “The Tasks of the Chinese Revolution and the Communist Party of China”, Qu Qiubai made a political report, Zhou Enlai made an organizational report and a military report, and Li Lisan made a report on the peasant problem… “When the Chinese people were suffering, at the most difficult moment of the Chinese revolution, more than 140 representatives from all over China from all over China, for the sake of the future and destiny of the country and nation, with the help of the Russian people and international organizations, risked their lives to break through many obstacles, traveled thousands of miles to Moscow, and convened the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China.” 85 years later, on March 23, 2013, General Secretary Xi Jinping was so moved at the launch ceremony of the construction of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
5KomiksThe special launch was a few years ago
Unfortunately, the building that witnessed the difficulties and hardships of the Communist Party of China was gradually buried in the dust of time in the wind and rain of history.
The site building, built in the 18th century, is known as the “silver villa” because of its yellow and white exterior paint. In 1960, the building, together with the churches and other buildings in the manor, was listed as a federal-level historical and cultural heritage as a historical complex between the 18th and 19th centuries.
After World War II, the “Silver Villa” became collective residences and state-owned stores one after another. In 2012, when I came to May Day Village to visit the Sixth Conference Site, the scene in front of me was heartbreaking: the building had no roofs and windows, and only broken tiles were left, standing alone among the garbage all over the ground.
The ruins of the “Sixth Congress” of the Communist Party of China before restoration
“The Communist Party of China, the Chinese government, and the Chinese people cherish the historical event of the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China very much, and also cherish the precious history of mutual support between the peoples of China and Russia very much.” The protection of the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China was mentioned on the issue of the heads of state at the two heads of state.
On March 22, 2013, during President Xi Jinping’s visit to Russia, the two countries jointly signed a supplementary protocol on the “Agreement on the Establishment of a Cultural Center for Mutuality” and determined to repair the site of the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China. The next day, President Xi and RussiaVice Premier Ross Golodgez attended the launching ceremony of the construction of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Xi Jinping said at the ceremony: At this moment, we are holding the launching ceremony for the construction of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China Memorial Hall, which has a very special significance. On behalf of the Communist Party of China, on behalf of more than 80 million Communist Party members and 1.3 billion Chinese people, I would like to express my sincere thanks to President Putin and other Russian leaders and all Russian friends who attach importance to and support this work. Cinema
In September of the same year, representatives of China and Russia signed a lease contract for the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China, with a rent of 1 ruble per year and a lease period of 49 years. After the Chinese side invested in the restoration, it will be used as the branch of the Moscow Chinese Cultural Center, holding permanent exhibitions of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and will be open to the audience for free. The overall building of the exhibition hall covers an area of 3,267 square meters, of which the main building is 1,741 square meters.
Zhang Zhonghua, then Minister of the Chinese Embassy in Russia, was the Cultural Counselor of the Moscow China Cultural Center and Director of the China Cultural Center, experienced the entire process of “rebirth” at the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China. “It’s not easy!” Whenever she recalls, she feels full of emotion. This is not a matter of restoring a building, but restoring cultural relics to protect buildings by “repairing old” and restoring cultural relics. It took 1 year and 5 months to complete the complete set of legal documents for the lease contract.
Repair involves more than a dozen departments including the Russian State-owned Assets Bureau, the Energy Bureau, the Cadastral Bureau, the Cultural Relics Bureau, and the municipal, district and township levels. Chinese Ambassador to Russia Li Hui personally coordinated and wrote a letter to Vice Premier Golodz and relevant departments to solve the problems in construction. During that time, Zhang Zhonghua had to go to the construction site almost every day, “the laying of water, electricity, heating and other pipelines, everything started from scratch.” Her successor Gong Jiajia, who was then director of the Eurasian Department of the External Liaison Bureau of the Ministry of Culture, also witnessed the difficulty of this “No. 1 Project” of the Ministry of Culture at that time: “A variety of negotiations, coordination, and documents are transmitted from the front working group almost every day, and the progress of the project is also changing every day.”
On-site coordination meeting has changed from the initial monthly to the later ones.ref=”https://funnybookish.com/”>Babaylan once a week, once a day. The meeting site at No. 18 Parkovaya Street has never been so lively in the eyes of the residents of May Day: every day, representatives from both sides rushed here from all directions to meet and solve various problems on the spot…
The most stressed is the project team of China Construction First Bureau, which undertakes the task of restoring the meeting site project. In order to ensure 100% restoration of the site, they risked the risk of the building collapse at any time and recorded the details of historical relics in detail with cameras; in order to strive for construction periods in the long winter, they creatively adopted special methods such as “reverse practice” to wear a “giant warm coat” to increase the temperature of the construction site…
The gorgeous plaster carvings have many complex curved surfaces, and each carving must go through six complex processes, including production, processing, measurement and positioning, on-site splicing, and seams. At the same time, relevant departments of China and Russia, experts and historians of party history research and history scholars carefully examined and recommended the content of the exhibits in the permanent exhibition hall; the relevant parties also actively recalled the details. Conference halls, representative dormitories, etc., restore the layout during the meeting as much as possible. “The situation before the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China”, “The preparations for the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the convening of Komiks”, “The development of the revolutionary movement after the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China”… Groups of display content, and pictures and texts reproduce the historical style around the Sixth National Congress.
On June 20, 2016, the restoration project successfully passed the acceptance of the Sino-Russia Joint Acceptance Team. At the acceptance meeting, Alexey Yemelyanov, director of the Moscow Municipal Cultural Relics Bureau, lamented the “China speed”: “According to the progress of the same period, the project should not be completed until 2019.” The Russian Central Scientific Restoration Design Institute also affirmed the “China quality”. In the acceptance opinion, they solemnly wrote: “(Project) has better achieved the internal and external unity of cultural relics restoration and exhibition furnishings.” After completion, the building won the “Excellent Restoration Project Award” and the “Cultural Heritage Restoration and Modernization Use” Special Award awarded by the Moscow Municipal Government, and won the “Best Impression Award” with 200,000 Moscow citizens participating in the voting.
Two years ago, that special opening
On July 4, 2016, a newly renovated six-meeting building was built, CinemaReturned the style of the former “silver villa” against the backdrop of blue sky and white clouds. Liu Yandong, then Vice Premier of the State Council of China and Russian Vice Premier Golodz read out congratulatory messages from President Xi Jinping and President Putin, and jointly unveiled the permanent exhibition hall at the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
July 4, 2016 href=”https://funnybookish.com/”>Cinema On the day, in Moscow, the Russian capital, Liu Yandong (right), then member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Vice Premier of the State Council, and Russian Vice Premier Golodz jointly unveiled the permanent exhibition hall of the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Photo by Dai Tianfang, Xinhua News Agency reporter
From then on, this place has become an overseas education base for Chinese people to pursue the history of the Communist Party of China, understand the history of the Chinese revolution, and continue to move forward. It has also become a place for the friendship between China and Russia, enhance understanding and exchanges. href=”https://funnybookish.com/”>KomiksNew Place for Streaming Culture.
The restoration of the “Sixth National Congress” permanent exhibition hall
Chinese students from Mocos University came to explore the secrets of the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Looking at the exhibits in the exhibition hall and listening to the detailed and vivid explanation, Zhu Dongfa from the Department of World Politics couldn’t help but sigh: The big brother of socialism at that time had fallen into the dust of history, but our great motherland was still thriving. “This makes us deeply feel the unswerving struggle of the revolutionary ancestors. Our new generation must also inherit their spirit, keep their original aspirations in mind, and continue to move forward for the rejuvenation of China.”
The conference venue planning archives passed by the presidium of the conference on June 18, 1928. The existing permanent exhibition hall at the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of China
Local resident Maria saw with her own eyes how this building transformed from rubble on the ground into an elegant and beautiful exhibition hall. “It is simply a miracle!”The appearance of May Day Village has also been greatly improved. The muddy roads, garbage-filled rivers, and severely damaged residential buildings have been renovated. The newly built gardens, Cinema bus stations, and sidewalks have brought convenience to local residents. The connected pipelines and natural gas have improved the quality of life of local residents.
Russian teachers and students visited the exhibition hall
“90 years ago, the CCP<a A meeting at Cinema made our town a part of history; 90 years later, the restoration of the meeting site and the completion of the exhibition hall have stimulated the development of the town. "Alibina, a history teacher at Moscow 1391 School, not far from the exhibition hall, often organizes students to visit the exhibition hall. "The site has been restored, and we are grateful to see such a beautiful building. Entering the exhibition hall, you can also learn about the history of our closest friendship and neighbors and what they cherish."
“The completion of the permanent exhibition hall at the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China reflects our national spirit of remembering history, not forgetting our original aspirations, and the spirit of the times to keep pace with the times and create the future. It is also another important achievement in the development of China-Russia comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership. “Looking back on the solemn launch and speech delivered by President Xi at the opening of the museum five years ago, Chinese Ambassador to Russia Li Hui is confident, “We must stand at a new height of the new era and build this place into an important bridge for enhancing mutual understanding and deepening friendship between the two peoples, so that more people can understand this period of party history, cherish history, and continue traditions, so that China-Russia friendship can be passed on and strengthened in the new historical period. ”
Material source: Ministry of Corporate Culture, China Construction First Bureau, Xinhua News Agency, People’s Daily, CCTV and other media