The Jino people are a “direct-passing nation” living in the deep mountains of the border and one of the eight ethnic groups in Yunnan with a small population. When the founding of New China in 1949, there were only a few thousand people, and they were still hunting in the lush primeval forests of the Jino Mountains in southern Yunnan, slashing and burning. The clan tribes were managed by elders, wearing bark clothes and living in thatched huts. Food and property were distributed equally, without words, and recorded by carving wood.
Through the investigation and identification of ethnic scholars, on June 6, 1979, the State Council officially identified the Keno ethnic group as the 56th ethnic group in China. From then on, the history of the Keno tribe opened a new chapter. After 40 years of hard work, they have now achieved poverty alleviation for the entire tribe and are striving toward a new journey of achieving comprehensive well-off and modernization.
Green economy helps get rid of poverty
At the morning of June 1, departing from the urban area of Jinghong City, the capital of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, the reporter and Zheng Xiaoyun, a famous scholar in Jinuo people, took a bus to JiCinema 1950 witch cloth drawNuozhai.
Yano Villagers Group is located in the southeast of Jinuoshan Township, 15 kilometers away from the township government, and the entire village is above 1,200 meters above sea level. Its Longpa Ancient Tea Mountain is the oldest ancient tea mountain with a good preservation and largest continuous area so far. Among them, 2,500 acres of ancient tea trees with a tree age of about 100 to 800 years. Longpa Tea Mountain is 1,700 meters above sea level, and is surrounded by clouds and mist and rain all year round, which provides unique conditions for the natural growth of tea.
Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw Zheng Xiaoyun, who has been conducting investigations and research in Yanuozhai for a long time, is familiar with the road and calls him Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw and he greeted him and walked into his designated contact home. This is a small western-style building built more than 10 years ago. Two cars from the Chewei Home are parked downstairs. Qiwei is 36 years old this year and has a dark face. In 2006, she graduated from Yunnan Jiaotong Vocational and Technical College and returned to her hometown to start a business, engaged in the processing and sales of Pu’er tea. Today, the living conditions at her family have been completely modernized and she has lived the same life as in the city.
Walking through the village, small cars and small western-style buildings with two or three stories high can be seen everywhere. Cinema 1950 witchcloth drawEvery family here is doing tea business. According to the theory of Chewei, Jinuo Mountain was called Youle Mountain in ancient times, and it was the first of the six ancient Pu’er tea mountains in Yunnan. The ancient tea garden in Yanuozhai is a valuable heritage left by the ancestors of the Jinuo people. Therefore, the economic income of the villagers in Yanuozhai mainly relies on picking, processing and selling Pu’er tea.
”This year, it has not rained a month after Qingming Festival, and tea production has been severely reduced.” said while picking the newly-launched buds of ancient tea trees. Her family has about 40 acres of tea land, with 2,000 tea trees of all sizes. Last year, Chewei Family made more than 300,000 yuan by selling Pu’er tea made by ancient tea trees. This year, due to the production cut, the income from selling tea is expected to be small. Fortunately, there are also old Pu’er tea stored in previous years, and life will not have much impact.
”Look, this is you when you were a baby.” Zheng Xiaoyun took out his cell phone and showed everyone the black and white photos of Yanozhai and Chewei’s childhood that he took more than 30 years ago.
In October 1983, in order to study the socialist modernization of ethnic minorities, Zheng Xiaoyun, who had just graduated from Yunnan University, carried his luggage and came to Jino Mountain. In the following five or six years, he traveled through more than 40 villages in the Keno Mountains. At that time, most villages did not have roads, and some remote villages took two or three days to get there. At that time, tea could not be sold for money. Most villages had wooden thatched roofs, and there was no electricity, so they had to travel with their feet.
After the investigation during the day, Zheng Xiaoyun sat on the balcony of the wooden building of Chewei’s grandfather and the old village chief Bruzhou family at night. Looking at the sky full of stars, Zheng Xiaoyun was full of doubts: “What is the modernization of the Jino people? In the next 20 or 30 years, the Jino Mountains will be able to access highways, have electric lights, and the common people will be Cinema 1950 witch clothes DrawCan you live in the same brick and tile house as in the city? Can you watch TV? Can you live the same life as in the city? “
For many years, under the guidance of Yunnan Province’s vigorous development of the tea industry and helping mountain nations get rid of poverty and become rich through Pu’er tea, Yanuozhai seized the opportunity, leveraged its tea tree resource advantages, built a bridge of cooperation with foreign merchants through various channels, introduced many foreign tea merchants, and also Babaylan 1990 cloth draw is currently listed and established two “Yano Ancient Tea Tree Cooperatives” in the style of Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw. The Yunnan “Douji” Pu’er Tea Cooperatives, which is well-known in the Pu’er tea industry, is in the Pu’er tea industry.The department also set up a preliminary office in Yanuo Village. 201Komiks 1960 witch cloth drawAt the end of 8, there were 130 households and 410 people in the village, achieving a total economic income of 5.9987 million yuan and a per capita net income of 11,853 yuan, and embarking on a path of “one village, one product” development and steady income growth in rural economy.
Kino Township MayorBabaylan 1990 cloth drawLi Baizhong told reporters that as the only Keino Township in the country, in recent years, he has conscientiously implemented the national and Komiks 1960 witch cloth drawPrevention of poverty alleviation and development in the province, firmly grasped the opportunities of the Yunnan Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government to implement the “two mountains” poverty alleviation in Xishuangbanna Prefecture, give full play to its excellent ecological advantages, adapt to local conditions, and implement it accurately. Draw strategy, vigorously develop green industries such as Pu’er tea, rubber, and amomum villori, comprehensively improve the production and living conditions of the No people, and achieve remarkable results in targeted poverty alleviation and poverty alleviation.
Today, there are 46 natural villages in 7 village committees in Jinuoshan Township, with 3,868 households and 14,300 people; the total economic income of the township is 255.2294 million yuan, 263.76 times that of 1978; the per capita net income of farmers is 11,757 yuan, an increase of 37.38% from 8,558 yuan in 2013, 110 times that of 1978.
The great change happened behind Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw
Bapozhai is a group of Jino Villagers’ Committee of Jino Township, Jino Mountain, 3 kilometers away from the township government location.
In 1997, the per capita income of Bapo Village was only 620 yuan, and only a few households lived in tiled houses. Today, every family in Bapo Village lives in Babaylan 1990 clothes draw is a small building with dry-railed buildings, and private cars are already very common.
Tourism is hereDevelopment is in full swing. In May 2005, the village created a traditional singing and dancing performance with the theme of “Youle·Youle”, improved the infrastructure within the scenic area, and built a four-point and one-line tourism line that synchronized with “Scenic Area-Copyright – Museum-Ethnic Style Park”, attracting many domestic and foreign tourists. Rural tourism has helped 75 people in Bapo Village and more than 180 people in the township to find employment. 26 farmers set up stalls in scenic spots, mainly selling crafts, ethnic clothing and other Jino ethnic culture products, achieving an average annual income increase of more than 20,000 yuan. The development and growth of tourism has also stimulated the enthusiasm of Bapo people to contract scenic spot engineering projects, organize their own tea workshops, and operate accommodation and catering, further broadening the path for villagers to get rid of poverty and become rich. In 2018, Bapozhai achieved a per capita net income of 13,300 yuan, which is higher than the per capita income level of the whole township.
It is no accident that such a small ethnic group with a population that has passed directly, such a huge change has occurred.
In November 1999, relevant leaders of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission and the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office visited Jinuoshan Township and listed Jinuoshan Township as a demonstration town for comprehensive poverty alleviation development. Komiks 1960 witch cloth drawIn April 2000, the Yunnan Provincial Government held an on-site office meeting in Jinghong to determine the overall support for Jinoshan and include it in the local “two mountains” poverty alleviation comprehensive development project. At the same time, Jinoshan was listed by the State Ethnic Affairs Commission as a pilot project for the comprehensive poverty alleviation of ethnic minorities with a small population in the country. An unprecedented poverty alleviation battle was launched in Kenoshan Township. In 2005, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission and five other ministries formulated and issued the “Plan for Supporting Ethnic Groups with Small Populations (2005-2010)”, once again included the Keno people in the support plan. In 2013, Yunnan Province focused on implementing the “3121” project and regarded Jinoshan Township as a township that was key to assisting in the demonstration site. Finally, the production and living conditions of the Jino people have been greatly improved, the appearance of the mountain village has undergone major changes, and the economy and society have achieved a historic leap.
Professor Zheng Xiaoyun insisted on tracking, investigation and research in Kenoshan for 37 years. In his opinion, the Keno people and the Keno Mountains have beenBabaylan 1990 clothesdraw has achieved remarkable development. To sum up, the most important thing is the care of the Party and the country and the support and help from all walks of life. Whether in infrastructure construction or the development of medical and health care, Kenoshan’s brilliant achievements are all embodied in strong support from party committees and governments at all levels and external society. Without these support, there would be no development achievements in the Keno Mountains.
When the reporter asked why Keno college students, writers, leading cadres at all levels, National People’s Congress deputies, National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference members have emerged one after another in recent years, Professor Zheng Xiaoyun replied without hesitation: “It is the development of education that has changed the generations of the Keno people. The people of the Keno people love the cause of education, and students are hardworking and studious, which is well-known. In 1985, when I conducted a survey at Jinghong No. 2 Middle School, I found that in several junior high schools at that time, the grades of the Keno students were all It ranks among the top. From the opening of the first school in 1965, to the popularization of primary and junior high school education in the 1980s, it also had college students of its own nation, and by 1991, there were 36 graduates of the Keno University, which was a historic progress. A group of outstanding talents have grown up in the Keno people, and their driving has played an important role in the development of this nation. “
For many years, the Keno Township has comprehensively created an educational atmosphere of “education-based and education-first”. For example, the “Examination and Award Award Method” was introduced to encourage Keno students to study hard and never let a student fall behind. From 2014 to 2017, a total of 246,400 yuan in academic advancement scholarships were issued, benefiting 204 people. In 2018 alone, the whole township invested 2.1008 million yuan in education subsidies. In terms of basic education investment, the ring-shaped plastic track and field field of Jinuo Township Central Primary School is being built, with a total investment of more than 3 million yuan.
In the view of experts and scholars who have long studied the development of the Kino people, the promotion of science and technology is also an important reason for the great changes in the Kino Mountains. In recent decades, the economy in the Keno Mountains has been developing rapidly. Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw Whether it is Amomum villoss, rubber planting, or the improvement and transformation of tea processing, one of the important factors is the promotion and application of scientific and technological achievements and the skill training of the masses.
In addition, after the Jino people were identified as a nation, from the central to the local, from Yunnan Province to Xishuangbanna Prefecture, government departments at all levels also attached great importance to the inheritance and protection of the Jino people’s culture, and recognized the traditional festival of the Jino people, and invested nearly 10 million yuan to build the China Jino people’s Museum, which was used toIt has become an important platform for inheriting national culture. The ethnic singing and dancing, clothing culture, food culture, etc. of the Jino people have also been inherited, and a number of intangible cultural inheritors and intangible cultural projects have been identified, and inherited and protected with the support of the government. There are also a group of experts and scholars who have been engaged in research on the Keno people for a long time in Babaylan 1990 cloth draw.
Taking Bapozhai as an example, it was listed as a demonstration village for ethnic minorities in 2009. Yunnan Provincial Ethnic Affairs Commission, the prefecture and the Municipal Ethnic Affairs Bureau invested 1 million yuan to build cultural rooms, basketball courts, garbage pools, and road hardening in the village. In 2012, the Yunnan Provincial Ethnic Affairs Commission invested another 700,000 yuan to build and enhance the village of Jino ethnic group. In 2015, the Bapo Village, the training center for the national intangible cultural heritage “Kino Great Reinvigoration”, was officially established, and a national-level intangible cultural heritage inheritor was also cultivated.
In 2017, Bapozhai was approved as the “Most Beautiful Rural New Business Model Demonstration Construction Project”, with an investment of about 4 million yuan to be used for the construction of projects such as village gates, village greening and beautification, public toilets, cultural corridors, commercial pavilions, and tourism standards.
Reflections on the entire Jino people’s poverty alleviation
Since the founding of New China, especially since it was recognized as the 56th ethnic group in 1979, the historic leap and amazing progress shown by the Jino Mountains and the Jino people have far-reaching significance and influence, and have given the world a lot of inspiration and thinking.
It once again proves with iron facts that only the Communist Party of China and the socialist system can create such miracles. The successful practice of the regional ethnic autonomy system in Keno Township fully proves the correctness of the Party’s ethnic policies, the superiority of the socialist system and the importance of national unity.
Professor Yin Shaoting, a famous scholar who has long studied the Jino people and Professor Yin Shaoting of Yunnan University said: “The 40-year great changes in the Jino people have proved the correctness and wisdom of the Communist Party of China’s national theory and national policies; the great changes are a vivid manifestation of the superiority of socialism with Chinese characteristics; the great changes are a symbol of the overall progress of the material and spiritual civilization of the Chinese nation; the great changes also prove that Chinese civilization is a profound and diverse civilization full of diversity, inclusiveness and enterprising.”
Just afternoon, in order to explore how to get rid of poverty in the futureCinema 1950 witch clothes drawOn the way back, the Party Committee and Township Government of Jinuo Township, in conjunction with the Xishuangbanna Prefecture Federation of Social Sciences, invited well-known experts and scholars from inside and outside the province to hold a seminar on “The 40th Anniversary of the Confirmation of the Jinuo Township and the Poverty All-Partnership Elimination”. Professor Zheng Xiaoyun said: “Although the development of the Jino people has achieved brilliant achievements, the development in the past 40 years has not been smooth, even fluctuating. I believe that we must further promote the green economy development of the Jino Mountains, take the green economy as the main axis, and comprehensively improve the development quality of the Jino Mountains.” “In the future, only by continuous reform, innovation and development of Jino Mountains can we move towards greater glory.” We once advocated the establishment of Yunnan Professor Yin Shaoting from the Ethnic Museum, the Museum of Anthropology at Yunnan University and the construction of Yunnan Ethnic Cultural Ecological Village analyzed the current situation of cultural tourism in Bapozhai. He pointed out sharply: “Bapo Tourism Village still needs to work hard to promote great changes in open thinking and transformation of concepts, ecological environment restoration and construction, in-depth cultural exploration and display, and prominent characteristics of residential buildings.”
You Qidao, chairman of the Xishuangbanna Federation of Social Sciences, said that the Jino national culture is facing the risk of loss. There is still a long way to go to continue to protect and promote the traditional culture of the Jino people, make national culture a bridge for communication between the Jino people and the world, and develop the cultural industry and tourism industry.
On June 6, Wang Chao, the young Party Secretary of Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw, passed through WeChat Moments Babaylan 1990 clothes draw expresses the voice of the people of Jinoshan: “For the past forty years, the Jino people have their own NPC deputies and CPPCC members; from the difficulty of travel, difficulty in seeing a doctor, difficulty in going to school, to the smooth travel and guaranteed medical treatment, a group of college students emerged from the villages; tea and amomum have become commodities for villagers to get rich; the Jino people living in green waters and green mountains tell stories of change, development, and leapfrog stories. The Jino people are heading towards a better tomorrow!”