The “Grey Batch Top Scholars” and “Music Masters” in Lingnan are all from Sanshan Village, Shawan Town, Panyu
In Shawan Town, Panyu, Guangzhou, there is an ancient village called “Komiks 1960 witch cloth drawMing Village”, Sanshan Village, the ancient temple of the ancestors in the village, and it is also the only “Lu Ban Temple” discovered in the eastern province of Guangzhou.
In the old days, 70 to 80% of the men in Sanshan Village were ancient buildings repair craftsmen. Babaylan 1990 cloth draw involved many jobs such as ancient building plasterers, gray plastic, brick carvings, carpenters, murals, etc.Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw. They traveled along the waterways across the Pearl River Delta and made a living by making a good craftsmanship.
What kind of story does this ancient craftsman village have? Recently, the reporter came to Sanshan Village for an in-depth interview.
There is an ancient: There are Sanshan craftsmen wherever the waterway reaches.
Babaylan 1990 cloth draw Sanshan Village is located at the west gate of Panyu District, separated from Shunde, and there are many farmlands and ponds in the village. It is a typical Lingnan water town. The “three goodnesses” in Sanshan Village refer to “goodness, virtue and blessing”, which embodies the beautiful wishes of the ancestors.
”Before 1949, more than 75% of the males in Sanshan Village were ancient building craftsmen. At that time, women farmed at home and took children, while males took boats to work in mud and water along the waterway.” Huang Qunqing, 65 years old this year, is from Zini Village, Shawan, and is neighboring Sanshan Village. “Although they are two villages, they are as close as the same village.”
Huang Qunqing also comes from a family of craftsmen and deals with ancient buildings all his life. “Every type of ancient building construction and decoration is familiar with civil engineering, decoration, gray plastic, brick carving, and wood carving.” 1Babaylan 1990 clothes draw When he was 5 years old, Huang Qunqing followed his father to travel to the Pearl River Delta, “doing mud and water work”, and participated in the renovation of Baomo Garden and Yuyin Mountain House.
Talking about craftsmenLi Guangyong, a villager who lives wandering and engaged in mural restoration, told reporters: “My father, Li Jieming, is also a muralist. He has been engaged in mural painting and restoration for more than 40 years. He has traveled all over the Pearl River Delta region and is rowing. If there is no convenient waterway, there will be no famous craftsmen in Sanshan Village.”
Li Guangyong is creating a gray plastic work Photo/Li Bo
Li Guangyong told reporters that Sanshan Village is close to the Zi Ni River and Shunde Waterway, and is connected to the main channel of the Pearl River. “Where the river flows to and where there are passenger ships, there are craftsmen in Sanshan Village are there.”
It is understood that the places where craftsmen in Sanshan Village often go to include Dongguan, Foshan, Taishan and other places. In Li Guangyong’s memory, every year on the fourth and fifth day of the Lunar New Year, craftsmen leave home and return to the construction site. During the mid-year festival, craftsmen who go out may not come back, but on the day of “Master’s Day” (the 13th day of the sixth lunar month every year), they will definitely return from rowing, dress neatly, come to the temple early, say hello to each other, and pay homage to the “ancestor” Lu Ban.
Architectural: The Aoshan Ancient Temple Group uses a saddle-type fire wall
Recently, the reporter visited the Aoshan Ancient Temple Group with ancient construction experts and villagers. The ancient temple complex is located in Fuchun Road, Sanshan Village. The building covers an area of 557.Babaylan 1990 cloth draw7 square meters. The building is rigorous and the exterior is magnificent.
The ancient temple group is backed by the green Aoshan, and in front of the temple is a square and a Fengshui pond. The ancient temple group is arranged from north to south, namely Shennong Ancient Temple, Xianshi Ancient Temple, Aoshan Ancient Temple, Baoen Temple, and Chaoyin Pavilion, so it is called the “Ancient Temple Group”.
Aoshan Ancient Temple Group located in Sanshan Village Photo/Li Bo
Ancient Architecture Experts said that the Aoshan Ancient Temple Group is one of the few large temple groups in Panyu District. The architectural layout and sculpture art of the temple group are allHigher artistic value. In 2000, it was announced as a historical and cultural protection zone for internal control in Guangzhou; in July 002, it was incorporated into “Aoshan Ancient Buildings” and announced as a cultural relics protection unit in Guangzhou.
Experts said that the uniqueness of the Aoshan Ancient Temple Group lies in the design of the fire wall. Most Lingnan buildings use a wok-ear house-style fire wall Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw, but the Aoshan Ancient Temple Group uses a saddle-style fire wall, which is very rare in the entire Guangdong Province.
Herry-shaped volcanic gable wall, gray-shaped volcanic ridge picture/Li Bo
It is said that except for Fengning Temple in Shiwan Town, Foshan City and Pan Clan Ancestral Hall in Shixiang Village, Shixiang Town, Duyang Town, Yunfu Yuncheng District, it is difficult to find traces of saddle-style volcanic walls in Guangdong Province.
CraftsmenKomiks 1960 witch cloth draw: The gray sculptures and wood carvings of the Chen Family Ancestral Craftsmen were both handed by Sanshan craftsmen
Babaylan 1990 cloth draw Liang Mou, a researcher in folk culture in Panyu District, introduced that in the Ming Dynasty, many folk craftsmen had gathered in Sanshan Village. “In the Qing Dynasty, the Cinema 1950 witch cloth drawHeyuan, the court went to various places to select skilled craftsmen, and only after passing the assessment was qualified, Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw participated in the construction of the Summer Palace. At that time, the craftsmen in Sanshan Village were selected to participate.”
Sanshan Village Chairman Li Zhipei introduced that Sanshan Village also had a lot of famous ancient architectural craftsmen. The most representative figures were Jin Yaosheng and Lao Cuixi, and Jin YaoshengHe is the “Grey Chronicle Top Scholar” in Lingnan, and Lao Cuixi is the “Music Master”. Many of the murals in the Chen Family Ancestral Gray Sculptures and Lingnan buildings around Panyu are from the hands of both of them. In addition, many exquisite wood carvings in the Chen Family Ancestral Hall, the most famous ancestral hall in Guangzhou, are also masterpieces of the Sanshan craftsmen back then.
This year Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw81-year-old Sanshan villager Lao Yaochun was an ancient building construction technician and worked as deputy manager at Shawan Construction Company. He also has another identity – the grandchildren of Lao Cuixi.
”My brother Lao Babaylan 1990 cloth draw Zhuoqian and grandfather Lao Cuixi are both muralists, and many murals in temples and ancestral halls in Nanfanshun area are from them.” Usually, Lao Yaochun always likes to visit the ancient temple group of Aoshan. “When you look up here, you may see the murals of grandfather and brother.”
When talking about another Lingnan gray sculpture master from Sanshan Village, Lao Yaochun gave a thumbs up. “The gray sculpture work of Chen Babaylan 1990 cloth drawThe gray sculpture work of Chen Babaylan 1990 cloth drawThe gray sculpture work of Chen Babaylan 1990 cloth draw was made by Master Jin Yaosheng as the foreman in charge of the family temple.” In Sanshan Village, Jin Yaosheng’s gray sculpture work “Three Heroes of the Wind and Dust” is still placed under the front eaves of Luban Temple. The style is like the landscape of the southern country, with a refreshing literary quality.
It is understood that as the Chen Family Ancestral Hall of the Chen Family Family in the 72 counties in the province, the entire project gathers famous craftsmen and manufacturers from all over the province. Among them, gray plastic decoration was provided by Jin Yaosheng, the “gray batch top scholar” at that time. It is precisely because of these top craftsmen that the Chen Family Temple, a fine ancient building that has been created, has been the masterpiece of the architectural art of Lingnan in history.
Villages restore Luban Temple and later generations praise craftsmen
Luban has been respected by craftsmen as the “ancestor” and “father of all craftsmen” since ancient times. The Luban Temple in Sanshan Village is hidden in the Aoshan ancient temple group in the village. The ancient temple group is connected by five ancient temples. The most distinctive of them is the ancient temple of the ancestors, who is dedicated to Luban. The temple is currently the only folk-industry temple dedicated to “Lu Ban” discovered in Guangdong Province. It has a history of more than 300 years. Sanshan Village still retains the traditional celebration of “Master’s Birth”.
Luban Temple in Sanshan Village Photo/Li Bo
The most distinctive among the ancient temple groups is the ancient temple of the ancestors, that is,Luban Temple. The temple was built during the Jiaqing and Daoguang periods of the Qing Dynasty and has been renovated several times. Expert survey data shows that the ancient temple of the Master is located northeast and southwest, with three rooms and three entrances, covering an area of 105.74 square meters.
The second and third entrances are hard tops, with herringbone sealed volcanic gable walls, gray plastic and ancient ridges, gray tube tiles, and blue brick walls. As soon as he entered the worship pavilion, he was decorated with many murals. The murals were rich in content, including figures, landscapes, flowers and birds, etc., and his painting skills were superb. The granite stone door frame of the mountain gate, the stone forehead is engraved with the “Xianshi Ancient Temple” and the wall fence is decorated with the mural of the “Eight Immortals Drunk”.
”In 1993, I took the villagers to rebuild this ancient temple. The Lu Ban statues were remade based on old photos.” Huang Qunqing told reporters that before the rebuilding, some parts were collapsed and were dilapidated. “The best preserved are the murals on the wall and the bricks on the ground. At that time, many murals were painted with white ash, and the workers carefully cleaned them, so that these exquisite murals would be seen again.”
At the two entrances of the rebuilt ancient temple, the reporter saw two couplets. The couplets at the back gate were “The great craftsman and the high doors were all inclusive; the rules and regulations were established to guide Huai (the word “Huai”) to know the present”; the couplets at the front gate of the front gate were “The rules set the square and round Yi Shike followed this method, and the ink rope was divided into curves and straight crafts and used the materials well.”
Huang Qunqing told reporters that these two couplets were written by later generations during the renovation, demonstrating the connotation and professional principles of craftsmanship.
Huang Qunqing said that since the restoration of Luban Temple, Sanshan Village will also spontaneously hold a master’s birthday (i.e. Luban’s birthday). If you cannot come back, the craftsmen of Sanshan Village will celebrate at the construction site. “I have a special relationship with this Luban Temple. I will come back every year when my master is born.”
Development: selected as the second batch of national characteristic towns
Sanshan Village Chairman Li Zhipei said that in the past, 70% of the men in the entire village were engaged in the construction industry, but now only a few craftsmen are still sticking to it. “In the past, ancient buildings were focused on slow work and meticulous work. Sometimes a worker could only build 25 blue bricks and 3 step bricks a day. In the eyes of young people, craftsmen dealing with bricks and mud is a physical job, and they don’t like to do it.” Li Zhipei said.
GreyCinema 1950 witch cloth drawThe famous sculptor Liang Mian is from Sanshan Village. His father was a Shawan plasterer. He studied art with his father since he was a child and has devoted himself to studying gray sculpture art for more than 50 years. The works created are used in Shawan Aoshan Ancient Temple, Baomo Garden, Nanyue Garden, Qinghui Garden, Xishan Temple, Nanhua Temple, Shunfeng Park, etc.
Now, Liang Mian opens a learning studio in Sanshan Village to inherit gray plastic skills. “I have a small gray plastic workbench at home. My grandchildren like it very much. They can learn it as soon as I am free to teach them.”
The famous gray plastic craftsman Liang Mian Photo/Li Bo
The construction technology has always been passed down in the form of master and apprenticeship. It has never entered the school to become a discipline. However, Sanshan Village offers courses such as gray plastic in primary schools and kindergartens, which are popular among children.
In a small street shop in Sanshan Village, Li Guangyong is creating a gray plastic work called “Eight Immortals Picture”. “This work was originally prepared to participate in the village’s Lu Ban Festival exhibition this year, but unfortunately it was not enough and missed it. If you are wrong, you can calm down and polish it slowly. ”
Komiks 1960 witch cloth draw Li Guangyong chatted with reporters while holding a handful of multi-head wood cone on the gray plastic panel, making it easier for the panel to hang clay. “I don’t have time to display this year, so I’ll wait for next year’s display. ”
In 2017, Sanshan Village was selected into the second batch of national characteristic towns. Li Zhipei said that Sanshan Village has a history of more than 800 years, and the commemoration of Luban will become the annual festival of the village – “Luban Festival”.
Li Zhipei also proposed to build a Luban cultural square to the north of the ancient temple and build a craftsman museum, collect Babaylan 1990 cloth draw collection of craftsmen works from all over the province to attract more young people to learn. In the future, Sanshan Village will be built into a characteristic town of ancient architecture craftsmen in Lingnan.
Inheritance: Let young craftsmen see career prospects
Zhu Qiuli said that urban and rural historical and cultural heritage is mainly protected by craftsmen, and now he is engaged in The industry of Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw is mostly over fifty years old, and no successor is a common problem. “The lack of vocational education and the narrow teaching of master and apprentice has exacerbated the crisis of craftsmen’s inheritance. ”
How to solve the problem of inheriting craftsmen? Zhu Qiuli believes that keeping craftsmenFirst of all, we must have an incentive policy. Old artists should have the right status. With a status, they must also have corresponding cultural heritage allowances and guarantee mechanisms. “Traditional architectural craftsmanship, like modern architectural decoration, must have professional title assessment, so that young craftsmen can see their career prospects.”
”As craftsmen grow old, ancient building construction technology also grows. For example, there are no more good players in the market to build bamboo trellis. This is also a traditional craft for restoring ancient buildings. The bamboo trellis is lightweight and suitable for repairing one or two floors of ancient buildings, which is more convenient than iron racks.” Ancient building repair expert Ouyang Lun told reporters.
A ancient architecture expert told reporters: “Now that government departments have vigorously promoted the activities of famous craftsmen, the status and treatment of craftsmen have gradually improved. In addition to paying attention to a few famous craftsmen, we should also pay attention to ordinary craftsmen. Only in this way can Cinema 1950 witch cloth draw be able to protect ancient buildings and their traditional craftsmen.”
The expert believes that the value of craftsmen lies in inheriting traditional technologies and striving for excellence. Craftsman talents are the basic guarantee for restoring the original appearance of ancient buildings. Attention to craftsmen reflects respect for traditional values. Only with the successor of craftsmen, these precious ancient building construction techniques and spiritual qualities attached to them will be preserved. (Xiao Guilai)
Source｜Guangzhou Daily
Editor｜Cui Wencan
Intern editor｜He Haoxian